The use of generative AI (GenAI) can be advantageous during literature research, primarily due to its time-saving capabilities. However, it is crucial to understand responsible usage. Be sure to go through the brief self-instruction module provided by Zuyd Library (refer to the box below).
► This page outlines how to effectively and responsibly apply ChatGPT during literature research. Similar principles apply to other AI tools.
► This is based on the six steps of literature research. Guidance is provided for each step on how to use generative AI appropriately or inadvisably.
► Generative AI refers to tools trained on extensive datasets that generate new content based on user prompts.
N.B.: Green arrows (►) indicate appropriate uses for AI tools like ChatGPT. Red (►) signifies discouraged applications.
Recently, ChatGPT has gained immense popularity, particularly in educational settings. This calls for a critical approach, particularly concerning privacy, copyright, and intellectual property.
► The online module 'ChatGPT and Literature Research' has been developed by Zuyd Library to address the current demand for guidelines regarding the use of AI in research.
► Click here to access the ChatGPT module.
It's important to understand how Zuyd views the use of (generative) AI within education.
► ChatGPT and similar tools are not prohibited.
► Students are always responsible for their own work. You decide whether and how to use AI.
► Copyright is to be respected. Ensure that instructors can verify the sources you've utilized.
► Exercise extreme caution when using (privacy) sensitive information in ChatGPT. It's unclear how this information is handled or where it's stored.
During this step, you orient yourself on the subject, then narrow it down to what interests you, and finally formulate a research question (e.g., following the SMART model).
Orientation
► Request ChatGPT for (general) information on a specific subject. For example: What is 'greenwashing'?
► Explore which concepts and theories are relevant to your research. ChatGPT can help clarify these for you.
Narrowing Down
► ChatGPT cannot determine which part of your subject is interesting.
Formulating a SMART Research Question
A SMART research question is Specific, Measurable, Acceptable, Realistic, and Time-bound.
► Consider asking ChatGPT to potentially formulate a SMART search query. Be critical and use it for inspiration.
Search for as many relevant keywords as possible that align with your research question.
► ChatGPT can provide input for this. For example: Provide English synonyms for sustainability.
Determine which information sources you will search. Refer to the Databases A-Z overview on Zuyd Library's website.
► Ask ChatGPT for an explanation about a specific database. What are its strengths? For example: What are the differences between Statista and Skift Research?"
Now you'll determine how you want to search the database. What search method will you apply?
► ChatGPT is unsuitable for making a choice in this matter.
When you start searching, ChatGPT is no longer of added value.
► ChatGPT cannot assess or select which information is relevant for you. You'll need to do this yourself.
Ensure that your research report is verifiable and reproducible. This includes proper referencing.
► ChatGPT appears highly unreliable in formulating APA references. Compose these yourself. See this page.
GenAI is capable of achieving a wide array of tasks. However, the specific output generated by an AI tool heavily relies on your own input. Therefore, it is crucial to utilize well-thought-out prompts.
► A commonly cited caveat regarding the capabilities of GenAI is: Garbage In = Garbage Out.
In other words, quality output necessitates a quality prompt.
How do you craft a quality prompt?
This is not rocket science. In fact, it boils down to effective communication. You can base your prompt on the PREPARE framework:
Fitzpatrick, 2023: PREPARE-framework voor betere prompting.
► How to use the framework? Click here.
Besides ChatGPT, there are numerous other generative AI applications available.
Some alternatives to ChatGPT:
Want to learn more about AI, its capabilities and applications, to deploy it effectively?
